In today’s fast-paced media landscape, discussions about older people’s ability to drive often drift into tricky territory, rife with stereotypes and prejudice. But is there more to the stereotypes than meets the eye? In this blog post, we have a closer look at how senior citizens are portrayed in the media and what responsibility the media and journalists hold.
During our research on the factcheck driving in old age, we came across several articles from different years and media outlets dealing with the issue of older drivers. Older drivers are described as slow or lacking in attention, and as a potential danger on the road. These are classic prejudices that some individuals may transfer to people around them.
A closer look behind the articles
A recurring theme in the coverage of road accidents is the discussion of the age of drivers and the question of fitness to drive in old age. This type of media coverage of incidents involving older people may be part of a wider trend, possibly linked to demographic developments and an aging population in industrialized countries.
In an interview, Ralf Buchstaller, traffic psychologist at German TÜV Nord, confirmed that after a major accident involving older drivers, he gets more requests for interviews about the driving abilities of older people than usual. Another interviewee, Hardy Holte, who has been working scientifically on older road users for 40 years, noted that in his opinion journalists report on driving in old age, especially after accidents, without taking new scientific findings into account.
In media representations and discussions, older drivers are often subject to stereotypes and prejudices. These portrayals perpetuate ageist attitudes and influence public perception, shaping attitudes towards senior drivers.
What is the reality of driving ability in old age?
Contrary to popular belief, age alone does not determine driving ability. While it’s true that ageing brings about physiological changes that can affect driving skills, such as decreased vision and reaction time, older drivers are not necessarily more dangerous on the roads. According to a blog post from the German TÜV Association, older drivers constitute only a minor fraction of accident statistics, challenging the notion that they are inherently unsafe behind the wheel. In addition to that, Ralf Buchstaller said: “Driving fitness among older people has improved significantly, as they are much fitter and healthier” than previous generations.
Moreover, studies have shown that mandatory driving tests for seniors may not be the most effective solution. Instead of improving road safety, these tests frequently exacerbate anxiety among older drivers, leading some to forego renewing their licences altogether. This, in turn, can result in social isolation and a diminished quality of life.
However, it’s essential to acknowledge that driving ability varies among individuals, regardless of age. While some older adults may experience age-related decline, others remain capable and confident drivers well into their later years.
How can such narratives influence the public perception of older drivers?
The narratives perpetuated by the media play a significant role in shaping public perception of older drivers. When older individuals are consistently depicted as incompetent or dangerous behind the wheel, it reinforces existing stereotypes and biases held by the public. This can lead to increased stigmatization of older drivers, exacerbating ageism and discrimination in society.
Furthermore, the exposure of groups to negative stereotypes can impact the performance negatively. This praenomen is called “stereotype threat”. A study published in the Journal Geriatrics found that exposure to stereotype threat significantly altered driving performance. Older adults in the threat condition made more driving errors than those in the control group.
Moreover, these negative portrayals may influence policymakers and law enforcement agencies to implement age-based restrictions or mandatory testing for older drivers, further marginalizing this demographic. By challenging these narratives and presenting a more nuanced view of ageing and driving, the media can help to counteract ageism and promote greater understanding and empathy for older drivers.
What responsibility do media and journalists hold?
The media is responsible for balanced and fair reporting, including on older people, that reflects their diversity. This means reporting not only on problems and challenges, but also on their successes and concerns. Stereotypes and prejudices should therefore be avoided or reduced, and reporting should be based on facts and evidence and challenge negative stereotypes. Interactions should therefore also be sensitive and show empathy, treat their stories and experiences with respect and take their needs and perspectives into account. Creating platforms and commentary could be one way of involving senior citizens more.
In this way, the media can help to break down prejudices and convey a realistic picture of ageing in society. In shaping public discourse on senior driving, the media and journalists wield significant influence. It’s imperative that they approach this topic with sensitivity and nuance, avoiding the perpetuation of stereotypes and prejudices. Sarah Barber, a psychology and gerontology researcher at Georgia State University in the US, said in an article of the Georgia State News Hub:“We need to make people feel confident in their own abilities, and feel that they will be respected no matter how they perform.”
Instead of sensationalizing isolated incidents involving older drivers, media outlets should provide balanced and factual coverage, grounded in evidence-based research. Consulting media ethicists can provide valuable insights into the ethical considerations surrounding reporting on senior driving. By prioritizing accuracy and fairness, journalists can contribute to a more informed and constructive dialogue on this issue.
In the complex terrain of ageing and driving, it’s crucial to challenge ageist attitudes and stereotypes perpetuated by the media. By promoting responsible reporting and fostering greater awareness and support for older drivers, a more inclusive and equitable society for people of all ages can be created.
RESEARCH | ARTICLE © Zoe Goslar and Amy Okrongli, Jade University of Applied Sciences Wilhelmshaven, Germany
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